The proposed research will evaluate the relative influence of genomic, phenotypic, social attributes, and social context in shaping how individuals perceive other people’s race, to determine how genomic information is influencing societal norms of racial classification.
It is widely acknowledged that disability results in a permanent downward shift in worker’s incomes, and thus consumption. In other words, workers are not fully insured against these negative shocks in labor market productivity. There is much less attention to another form of disability, that of secondary infertility, which may affect women economically if they are partly dependent on male partners for economic support. In this project, I will test whether infertility materially impacts women’s economic well-being similarly to how worker disability affects their earnings.
Increased physical activity by walking further or more vigorously may delay the development of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) and associated cognitive decline but reaching higher levels of activity and maintaining it as a long-term habit is difficult to do. This project will use concepts from behavioral science to create a mobility game that people at risk for developing ADRD can play in order to increase their levels of activity while having fun doing it.
In 2018, 992 people were shot and killed by the police in the United States. Black men are at particularly high risk of deadly police violence relative to other groups. In addition to direct consequences of this violence, studies document a host of spill-over effects of police violence, including decreased trust in the police and increased legal cynicism. Given racial disparities in risk of police violence and a broader context of structural racism in the U.S., the collateral consequences of this violence are magnified for Black communities.
The overall aim of this pilot project that utilizes data from the Mature Adults Cohort of the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health, MLSFH-MAC)1 is to understand social interactions about aging and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in low-income countries (LICs), identify social processes affecting health-knowledge and health-seeking behavior related to NCDs, and provide evidence that will inform innovative intervention designs that leverage social dynamics to reduce NCD risk through sustained behavioral changes and linkages-to-care for older people in a LICs context.
Over half of older adults with cancer are hospitalized during their last month of life, putting them at risk for aggressive medical interventions, which are associated with increased symptom burden, lower satisfaction, and poorer quality of life. Recent studies have shown that aggressive cancer care at the end of life, including chemotherapy, multiple hospitalizations, and intensive care unit admissions, are associated with lower hospice utilization and lower quality care.
Nursing is at the frontlines of managing the complex care and management of hospitalized patients with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia (AD). AD is a source of significant morbidity in the older adult population and results in disproportionately higher healthcare costs and rates of hospitalization.1-3 Management of any medical condition or surgical course of care is made more challenging in the presence of AD.
The population of the U.S. is aging and becoming more racially and ethnically diverse, with projections estimating that nearly one in five individuals over sixty-five will be Hispanic by 2050. Given these trends, improving understanding of the state and determinants of the health among the growing older-age Hispanic population is essential to determining future patterns of health and longevity in the U.S.
Driving promotes older adults’ independence and mobility and improves overall quality of life. However, due to age-related changes and increased chronic conditions, older drivers (i.e., aged > 65) may be at elevated risk of motor vehicle crashes—the second leading cause of unintentional injury death among this population. Currently, little is known about licensing rates among older adults, and the few previous population-based studies of crashes have had substantial methodological limitations.
Public transit access to healthcare facilities is a growing problem for the elderly population in both urban and rural settings and contributes to delayed health seeking behaviors, missed appointments and poorer outcomes. The entire travel chain presents challenges including the transportation modes and the transfer points that together make up the route linking home to healthcare facilities. While the barriers faced by elders are well known to healthcare providers, they are rarely incorporated into studies of actual travel behavior and needed infrastructure improvements.