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NBC News highlights a research study published in Health Affairs co-authored by research associate Linda H. Aiken which examined nurse work environments at 535 hospitals in four large states at two points in time between 2005 and 2016 to determine the extent to which their work environments improved, and whether positive changes were associated with greater progress in patient safety. 

Citations: 

"Nearly 1 in 4 U.S. Hospitalized Patients Experience Harmful Events, Study Finds" Kaitlin Sullivan, NBC News, January 11, 2023.

L H Aiken, D M Sloane, et al. 2018. "Nurses’ And Patients’ Appraisals Show Patient Safety In Hospitals Remains A Concern" Health Affairs.